The Standard Model of Particle Physics

The Standard Model of Particle Physics is a fundamental theory that describes the building blocks of the universe and the forces that govern their interactions. It identifies two main types of particles: fermions, which make up matter (like electrons and quarks), and bosons, which mediate forces (like photons for electromagnetic force). It explains how these particles interact through three of the four known fundamental forces: electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions, but it does not include gravity. Despite its successes, the Standard Model does not account for dark matter or dark energy, highlighting areas where our understanding is still incomplete.