Persian history

Persian history encompasses the rise and fall of several great empires in what is now Iran. The Achaemenid Empire (c. 550–330 BCE), founded by Cyrus the Great, was notable for its vast territory and administrative innovations. After conquest by Alexander the Great, Persia saw the rise of the Sassanian Empire (224–651 CE), known for cultural achievements and Zoroastrianism. Following the Arab conquest, Persia became part of the Islamic world, leading to rich contributions in art, literature, and science. Over centuries, Persia faced various invasions and transformations, becoming modern Iran in the 20th century, with a complex interplay of tradition and modernity.