long-term depression

Long-term depression (LTD) is a process in the brain that decreases the strength of connections between neurons, known as synapses. This happens when certain patterns of neural activity lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of communication between neurons. LTD is essential for learning and memory, as it helps refine neural circuits by weakening less important connections and allowing the brain to adapt to new experiences. This mechanism contrasts with long-term potentiation (LTP), which strengthens synaptic connections, highlighting the brain's ability to both enhance and reduce neural pathways based on experience.