STDP (Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity)

Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) is a process in the brain where the timing of neural signals, or "spikes," influences how connections between neurons strengthen or weaken. If one neuron fires just before another, the connection tends to strengthen, helping the second neuron become more likely to fire in response to the first. Conversely, if the second neuron fires first, the connection may weaken. This mechanism is essential for learning and memory, as it ensures that the brain adapts based on experiences by fine-tuning neural pathways according to the timing of information received.