Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)

Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) are proteins found on the surface of cells that help the immune system recognize which cells belong in the body and which are foreign, such as viruses or bacteria. Each person has a unique set of HLA molecules, inherited from their parents. This diversity is important for immune response and compatibility in organ transplants. When a transplant occurs, matching the donor's and recipient's HLA can reduce the risk of rejection. Understanding HLA is crucial in medicine, particularly in immunology, transplant surgery, and autoimmune diseases.