Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe immune response where the body’s immune system becomes overly activated and starts attacking its own tissues. This condition can result from various triggers, including infections, autoimmune diseases, or certain cancers. The activated immune cells, particularly histiocytes and lymphocytes, end up attacking red blood cells, platelets, and other blood components, leading to symptoms like fever, extreme fatigue, and organ dysfunction. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as HLH can be life-threatening if not addressed promptly. Treatments often involve medications to suppress the immune response and manage the underlying cause.