Gene cloning

Gene cloning is a biotechnological process that involves creating copies of a specific gene. Scientists isolate the gene of interest and insert it into a small, circular DNA molecule called a plasmid. This plasmid is then introduced into a host cell, often bacteria. As the host cells multiply, they replicate the plasmid, producing many copies of the gene. This technique is used in research, medicine, and agriculture, allowing for the study of gene functions, the production of proteins for therapies, and the development of genetically modified organisms.