free radicals

Free radicals are unstable molecules that have an unpaired electron, making them highly reactive. They form naturally in the body during processes like metabolism or from exposure to environmental factors such as pollution and radiation. Because of their instability, free radicals can damage cells, DNA, and proteins, contributing to aging and diseases like cancer and heart disease. The body also produces antioxidants—molecules that neutralize free radicals—helping to protect cells from this damage. Maintaining a balance between free radicals and antioxidants is essential for overall health and cellular integrity.