Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is a scientific technique used to study materials with unpaired electrons, which are often found in free radicals or transition metals. When exposed to a magnetic field and electromagnetic radiation (like microwaves), these unpaired electrons absorb energy, leading to changes in their spin states. By analyzing the resulting signals, researchers can gain insights into the structure and dynamics of molecules, understand chemical reactions, and investigate various materials. EPR is valuable in fields like chemistry, biology, and physics for exploring the behavior of certain substances at the atomic and molecular levels.