Earth's subsurface

Earth’s subsurface consists of several layers beneath the surface, each with distinct characteristics. The topmost layer is the soil, rich in organic material. Beneath that lies the bedrock, which is solid rock that forms the Earth's crust. Below the bedrock, there are layers of sediment, minerals, and groundwater. This subsurface environment plays a crucial role in supporting plant life, influencing geology, and providing resources like minerals and water. Understanding these layers helps in fields such as geology, environmental science, and engineering, impacting activities like agriculture, construction, and natural resource management.