
Cromwell's Scotland
Cromwell's Scotland refers to the period during the 1650s when Oliver Cromwell, the leader of the English Parliamentarians, invaded and governed Scotland. After the Civil War, Cromwell sought to subdue Scotland, which had supported the royalists. His forces defeated the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar in 1650 and he ruled directly, imposing strict Puritanical governance. This era was marked by religious persecution, military control, and significant social upheaval. Cromwell's rule ended with his death in 1658, leading to the eventual restoration of the monarchy and a return to Scottish autonomy.