Andean Civilizations

Andean civilizations refer to the advanced cultures that developed in the Andean region of South America, particularly in present-day countries like Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador. Notable societies include the Inca, known for their impressive architecture, sophisticated agricultural techniques, and extensive road networks. These civilizations thrived in challenging mountainous terrains and created rich traditions in textiles, pottery, and metallurgy. They also held complex belief systems, often centered around nature and ancestor worship. The Inca Empire, the largest of these, was remarkable for its organization and influence before Spanish conquest in the 16th century.