Acid-base theories

Acid-base theories explain how acidic and basic substances behave in chemical reactions. The classic theory defines acids as substances that donate hydrogen ions (H+) and bases as those that accept them. Another perspective, the Brønsted-Lowry theory, emphasizes proton transfer, while the Lewis theory broadens the concept further, identifying acids as electron-pair acceptors and bases as electron-pair donors. These theories help us understand various chemical reactions, from digestion in our stomachs to industrial processes, by indicating how substances interact to produce different products.