water

Water is a vital substance made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O). It exists in three states: liquid, solid (ice), and gas (steam). Essential for life, water covers about 71% of the Earth's surface, primarily in oceans, rivers, and lakes. It supports ecosystems, influences climate, and is crucial for human activities like drinking, agriculture, and industry. Water is also a universal solvent, meaning it can dissolve many substances, which is important in biological processes. Its unique properties, such as high surface tension and specific heat capacity, make it indispensable for life on Earth.