Tsardom of Bulgaria

The Tsardom of Bulgaria refers to the state established in the early Middle Ages, around 681 AD, when the First Bulgarian Empire was proclaimed. It was a significant Eastern European power, known for its cultural and political influence. The empire expanded under leaders like Khan Asparuh and Tsar Simeon the Great, fostering the development of the Bulgarian language and the Cyrillic alphabet. The Tsardom saw Christianity adopted as a state religion in the 9th century, which shaped its cultural identity. After facing invasions and internal strife, Bulgaria eventually fell under Ottoman rule in the late 14th century, ending its independence.