Tsar Ivan Alexander

Tsar Ivan Alexander ruled Bulgaria from 1331 to 1371. He was notable for his efforts to strengthen the Bulgarian state during a time of internal strife and external threats, particularly from the rising Ottoman Empire. His reign is marked by significant cultural and religious developments, including the establishment of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church's independence. Under his leadership, Bulgaria experienced a brief period of prosperity and territorial expansion. Ivan Alexander is also remembered for his promotion of literature and the arts, which contributed to the flourishing of Bulgarian culture during the medieval period.