Treaty of Gandamak

The Treaty of Gandamak, signed in 1879, was an agreement between Britain and Afghanistan during the Second Anglo-Afghan War. It aimed to secure British interests in the region, establishing Afghanistan as a buffer state against Russian expansion. The treaty granted Britain control over Afghanistan's foreign affairs, while allowing the country to maintain internal autonomy. Key provisions included the establishment of British control in strategic areas and the payment of a large indemnity to Britain. The treaty ultimately shaped the relationship between the two nations and laid the groundwork for future conflicts in the region.