The Ptolemaic Kingdom

The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a Hellenistic state in Egypt that existed from 305 BCE to 30 BCE, founded by Ptolemy I after Alexander the Great's conquests. It is noted for its blend of Greek and Egyptian cultures, particularly in art, religion, and governance. The capital, Alexandria, became a major center of learning and trade, housing the famous Library of Alexandria. The kingdom was ruled by a series of Ptolemaic monarchs, including Cleopatra VII, who is well-known for her alliances with Roman leaders. The kingdom ended with its conquest by Rome, marking the transition of Egypt into a Roman province.