The Mongol Invasion

The Mongol Invasion during the High Middle Ages (13th century) was a series of military campaigns led by Genghis Khan and his successors. The Mongols, a nomadic group from Central Asia, rapidly expanded their territory, conquering vast regions in China, Persia, and Eastern Europe. Their exceptional cavalry, innovative tactics, and use of psychological warfare allowed them to defeat established kingdoms. This invasion dramatically reshaped political boundaries and trade routes, leading to increased cultural exchange and influencing the development of kingdoms across Eurasia, as they integrated conquered lands into a vast empire that connected East and West.