The Melian Dialogue

The Melian Dialogue, found in Thucydides' "History of the Peloponnesian War," is a discussion between Athenian envoys and representatives of Melos, a neutral island. The Athenians, seeking to expand their power, argue that might makes right and urge Melos to surrender to avoid destruction. The Melians appeal to justice and hope for support from Sparta. Ultimately, the Athenians overpower the Melians, highlighting the harsh realities of political power, the conflict between ethics and pragmatism, and the idea that strong states often impose their will on weaker ones. It reflects enduring themes of power, justice, and survival in international relations.