Rome (Roman Empire)

The Roman Empire was a powerful civilization that dominated much of Europe, North Africa, and parts of the Middle East from 27 BC to AD 476. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an empire under Augustus. Known for its advanced infrastructure, legal systems, and cultural achievements, the empire influenced language, engineering, and governance. The Pax Romana, a period of peace, allowed for trade and cultural exchange. It eventually faced internal strife and invasions, leading to its decline. Rome's legacy endures today in law, politics, architecture, and the spread of Christianity.