reverse transcription

Reverse transcription is a biological process where RNA is used as a template to create DNA. This occurs in certain viruses, like HIV, which convert their RNA genetic material into DNA after entering a host cell. The newly formed DNA can then integrate into the host's genome, allowing the virus to replicate. Scientists harness reverse transcription in laboratory techniques, such as creating complementary DNA (cDNA) from RNA, which is useful for studying gene expression and developing diagnostics and treatments. Essentially, reverse transcription flips the usual DNA-to-RNA flow of genetic information.