Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung condition where a substance called surfactant builds up in the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs. This excess surfactant can hinder the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, leading to breathing difficulties, cough, and fatigue. The cause is often linked to problems with the immune system. While PAP can be serious, treatment options like whole lung lavage (washing out the lungs) and addressing underlying conditions are available. With appropriate care, many patients can manage symptoms and maintain a good quality of life.