polymetallic nodules

Polymetallic nodules are potato-sized lumps found on the ocean floor, primarily in deep-sea regions. They contain valuable metals like nickel, copper, cobalt, and rare earth elements. These nodules form over millions of years from minerals precipitating onto a core, often made of shells or other materials. Interest in these nodules has grown due to the increasing demand for metals used in technology and renewable energy. However, harvesting them raises environmental concerns, as it could disrupt deep-sea ecosystems. Scientists are studying their potential and the ecological impacts of mining these resources.