On the Origin of Species

"On the Origin of Species," published by Charles Darwin in 1859, introduces the theory of evolution by natural selection. Darwin argues that species evolve over time through a process where individuals with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This leads to gradual changes in populations, resulting in the diversity of life we see today. The book challenged established views on creation and laid the groundwork for modern biology, emphasizing that all living organisms share a common ancestry and adapt to their surroundings over generations.