Integrated Circuits (ICs)

Integrated circuits (ICs) are small electronic devices that consolidate multiple electronic components, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors, onto a single chip of semiconductor material, usually silicon. This miniaturization allows for complex functions in a compact form, powering everything from smartphones to computers. ICs are essential for modern technology, enabling faster processing speeds, reduced energy consumption, and lower production costs. By integrating many functions into one chip, they revolutionized electronics, making devices smaller, more efficient, and more affordable, ultimately enhancing our daily lives.