IC Fabrication

IC fabrication is the process of creating integrated circuits, or microchips, on a silicon wafer. It involves multiple precise steps, including layering ultra-thin materials, patterning tiny features with photolithography, and adding different elements to form transistors and electronic components. These components are connected through microscopic metallic pathways to enable the chip to process and store information. The process requires advanced cleanroom environments to prevent contamination and achieve the high accuracy necessary for modern electronics. Ultimately, IC fabrication transforms raw silicon into complex, functional chips used in computers, smartphones, and countless electronic devices.