Hybridization Theory

Hybridization Theory is a concept in chemistry that describes how atomic orbitals combine to form new, hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals have different shapes and energies than the original ones, allowing atoms to bond more effectively. For example, in carbon, the 2s and three 2p orbitals mix to form four equivalent sp³ hybrid orbitals, enabling it to form stable bonds with four other atoms. This theory helps explain the geometry of molecules, such as the tetrahedral shape of methane (CH₄), and is essential for understanding molecular bonding and structure in chemistry.