High-yielding varieties

High-yielding varieties (HYVs) refer to genetically improved crops that are designed to produce more food per plant compared to traditional varieties. Developed through selective breeding and, in some cases, genetic engineering, these crops are more productive and resilient to pests and diseases. HYVs played a significant role in the Green Revolution, which helped increase food production globally, particularly in developing countries. While they have contributed to reducing hunger, the widespread use of HYVs also raises concerns about biodiversity, environmental impacts, and the reliance on chemical fertilizers and pesticides.