Hemoglobin A1c tests

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a blood test that measures the average level of glucose (sugar) in your blood over the past two to three months. It works by assessing the percentage of hemoglobin—the protein in red blood cells—that has sugar attached to it. A higher HbA1c level indicates poorer blood sugar control, which can suggest diabetes or higher risk for diabetes-related complications. This test is essential for monitoring the management of diabetes and helps healthcare providers make informed decisions about treatment plans. Normal levels typically range from 4% to 5.6%.