ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay)

ELISA, or Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, is a laboratory technique used to detect and measure specific proteins, antibodies, or hormones in a sample, such as blood. The process involves attaching a target molecule to a solid surface, adding a sample that may contain the target, and then introducing an enzyme-linked antibody that binds to the target. When a substrate is added, the enzyme produces a measurable signal, such as a color change, indicating the presence and quantity of the target molecule. ELISA is widely used in diagnostics, research, and quality control in various fields, including medicine and food safety.