coral bleaching

Coral bleaching occurs when corals, which have a symbiotic relationship with tiny algae called zooxanthellae, become stressed due to environmental changes like increased water temperature, pollution, or bright sunlight. These stressors cause the corals to expel the algae, which are vital for their color and energy. Without the algae, corals turn white or "bleach" and lose their primary food source, making them more vulnerable to disease and death if stressful conditions persist. Bleaching is a warning sign of environmental stress and can lead to the decline of vibrant coral reef ecosystems.