Formation of Coral Reefs

Coral reefs form from tiny marine animals called polyps, which live in colonies. These polyps secrete calcium carbonate, building a hard skeleton that creates the structure of the reef. As polyps die, their skeletons accumulate, allowing new polyps to thrive. Coral reefs also require warm, shallow waters and sunlight to support the symbiotic algae living within them, providing energy through photosynthesis. Over thousands of years, these processes result in diverse and vibrant ecosystems, offering habitats for numerous marine species while also protecting coastlines from erosion.