reef building

Reef building refers to the process by which coral reefs are formed, primarily through the activities of small marine organisms called coral polyps. These polyps secrete calcium carbonate, which hardens to create a sturdy structure. Over time, as polyps grow and reproduce, they create vast underwater ecosystems that provide habitat for diverse marine life. Coral reefs thrive in warm, shallow waters and are crucial for maintaining biodiversity, protecting coastlines, and supporting fishing industries. However, they face threats from climate change, pollution, and overfishing, making their protection essential for the health of the oceans.