Scleractinia

Scleractinia, commonly known as stony corals, are marine animals that build hard, calcium carbonate skeletons. They are crucial to coral reefs, providing habitat for thousands of marine species. These corals form the structure of reefs and contribute to biodiversity, coastal protection, and tourism. Scleractinia thrive in warm, shallow waters and have a symbiotic relationship with tiny algae called zooxanthellae, which provide them with food through photosynthesis. Healthy coral reefs are vital for ocean ecosystems, but they face threats from climate change, pollution, and overfishing, making their conservation essential.