Charles I of England

Charles I of England was king from 1625 until his execution in 1649. His reign was marked by conflict between the monarchy and Parliament, driven by his belief in the divine right of kings, which clashed with growing parliamentary power. He attempted to govern without Parliament, leading to financial and political issues that sparked the English Civil War. The war pitted Royalists, who supported Charles, against Parliamentarians led by figures like Oliver Cromwell. Charles was ultimately defeated, tried for treason, and executed, marking a significant turning point in British history that set the stage for the development of constitutional monarchy.