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Cardiac Anatomy

Cardiac anatomy refers to the structure of the heart, a vital organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. The heart has four main chambers: two upper chambers called atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. Blood flows from the body into the right atrium, moves to the right ventricle, then is pumped to the lungs for oxygen. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium, enters the left ventricle, and is then distributed to the rest of the body. The heart also has valves that prevent backflow, ensuring blood moves efficiently in one direction.

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    The heart is a muscular organ about the size of a fist, located in the chest. It has four chambers: two upper atria and two lower ventricles. The right side receives oxygen-poor blood and sends it to the lungs for oxygen; the left side receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body. Major blood vessels, including the aorta, pulmonary arteries, and veins, surround the heart, facilitating blood flow. A one-way valve system ensures blood moves in the right direction, maintaining efficient circulation critical for overall health.