X-linked disorders

X-linked disorders are genetic conditions caused by mutations on the X chromosome, one of the two sex chromosomes, with the other being the Y chromosome. Because males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY), they are more likely to express these disorders if they inherit a faulty X. Females have two X chromosomes (XX), so a healthy X can often compensate for a faulty one, making them typically carriers rather than affected. Examples include hemophilia and color blindness. These disorders can affect various traits or functions in the body, depending on the specific gene involved.