Trans-Saharan Trade Route

The Trans-Saharan Trade Route was a network of trade pathways across the Sahara Desert that connected North Africa with sub-Saharan Africa. It flourished from the 8th to the 16th centuries, primarily facilitating the exchange of gold, salt, ivory, and slaves. Caravans, often led by Berber guides, traveled in groups to navigate the harsh desert environment. Key cities like Timbuktu and Gao became cultural and economic centers, fostering trade and the spread of ideas, including Islam. This trade route significantly influenced the history and development of the regions involved, contributing to the rise of powerful kingdoms and cultural exchanges.