Theories of Ethnic Conflict

Theories of ethnic conflict explore why tensions and violence arise between different ethnic groups. Key ideas include: 1. **Grievance Theory**: Conflict stems from historical injustices, discrimination, and inequality. 2. **Resource Competition**: Groups may clash over scarce resources like land, jobs, or political power. 3. **Identity and Belonging**: Ethnic identity can foster unity but also division, leading to conflicts when groups feel threatened. 4. **Political Opportunity**: Conflicts often emerge when political systems fail to address ethnic group needs or when leaders exploit divisions for gain. Understanding these theories helps explain the complexities of ethnic relations and conflict dynamics.