Roman politics

Roman politics was characterized by a complex system that evolved over time. Initially, Rome was a monarchy, but after the last king was overthrown, it became a republic around 509 BCE. Power was held by elected officials, notably the Senate, which represented the aristocracy. The assembly allowed citizens to vote on certain issues. Political struggles often arose between different social classes, particularly the patricians (nobles) and plebeians (commoners). Over time, powerful generals gained influence, leading to a transition towards an imperial system. In the 1st century BCE, Julius Caesar's rise marked the shift from republic to empire.