Roman civilization

Roman civilization, flourishing from the 8th century BCE to the 5th century CE, was a complex society known for its advanced engineering, powerful military, and influential culture. It originated in the city of Rome and expanded across Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. Romans developed significant legal systems, architectural innovations like aqueducts and the Colosseum, and rich literary traditions. Their governance evolved from monarchy to republic to empire, impacting law, politics, and society. The legacy of Roman civilization endures in modern languages, democratic principles, and infrastructure, shaping much of Western civilization today.