Probability

Probability is a branch of mathematics that measures how likely an event is to occur. It expresses the chance of a specific outcome happening compared to all possible outcomes. This is often represented as a number between 0 and 1; a value of 0 means the event cannot happen, while 1 means it will definitely happen. For example, when flipping a fair coin, the probability of landing on heads is 0.5, meaning there's an equal chance for heads or tails. Understanding probability helps in making informed decisions in uncertain situations, from games to everyday life.