Markov chain

A Markov chain is a mathematical model that predicts the next state of a system based only on its current state, without needing past history. Think of it like a path where each step depends solely on where you are now, not how you got there. For example, weather patterns can be modeled this way: if today is sunny, there’s a certain chance tomorrow will also be sunny or rainy, regardless of past days. Markov chains are useful for modeling various processes like weather, game strategies, or stock prices, where future outcomes depend on current conditions.