plant cell biology

Plant cell biology focuses on the structure and function of cells in plants. Each plant cell has a rigid cell wall that provides support, a large central vacuole for storage and maintaining pressure, and chloroplasts, which enable photosynthesis—the process plants use to convert sunlight into energy. Plant cells also contain a nucleus that houses genetic material and various organelles that perform specific functions. These cells work together to help plants grow, reproduce, and adapt to their environment, playing a vital role in ecosystems and providing oxygen and food for other living organisms.