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network topologies

Network topologies refer to the arrangement or layout of different elements in a network. Common types include: 1. **Star**: All devices connect to a central hub, allowing for easy management. 2. **Ring**: Devices are connected in a circular fashion, where data travels in one direction. 3. **Bus**: All devices share a single communication line, which can be simple but may have performance limits. 4. **Mesh**: Every device connects to several others for redundancy and reliability. 5. **Tree**: A hybrid structure that combines characteristics of star and bus topologies. Each topology has its advantages and drawbacks depending on the needs of the network.

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    Network topologies refer to the arrangement of different elements, like computers and devices, in a network. Common types include: 1. **Star**: All devices connect to a central hub, making it easy to manage. 2. **Bus**: Devices are linked along a single cable; simple but can be less reliable. 3. **Ring**: Each device connects to two others, forming a loop; data travels in one direction. 4. **Mesh**: Devices connect to multiple others; highly reliable but complex. 5. **Hybrid**: Combines elements of different topologies, offering flexibility and efficiency. Each topology affects performance, reliability, and maintenance.