King Charles I

King Charles I was the monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1625 until his execution in 1649. He believed in the divine right of kings, leading to conflicts with Parliament over power and governance. His insistence on ruling without Parliament and imposing taxes without consent sparked the English Civil War. This conflict, between Royalist supporters and Parliamentarians led by Oliver Cromwell, resulted in Charles's defeat. He was tried for treason and executed, marking a significant moment in British history that challenged royal authority and contributed to the eventual establishment of a constitutional monarchy.