Habibullah Khan (Afghan leader)

Habibullah Khan was an Afghan leader who ruled from 1901 to 1919 as the Amir (or king) of Afghanistan. He is known for modernizing the country and promoting education and infrastructure while balancing relations with British India and Russia. His reign was marked by efforts to establish Afghan independence from British influence. Despite his initial collaboration with the British, he later faced internal dissent. Habibullah Khan was assassinated in 1919, paving the way for his son, Amanullah Khan, to pursue full independence for Afghanistan, leading to the Third Anglo-Afghan War.