Gunpowder

Gunpowder is a mixture of three key ingredients: saltpeter (potassium nitrate), charcoal, and sulfur. Invented in China during the 9th century, it was originally used for fireworks and later for military purposes, transforming warfare. When ignited, gunpowder produces a rapid expansion of gas, creating an explosive force. This characteristic made it vital for cannons, firearms, and explosives. Its introduction significantly changed tactics and strategies in conflicts, leading to the development of modern artillery and firearms. Gunpowder ultimately played a crucial role in shaping history, influencing everything from battles to the construction of infrastructure.