Earth System Models

Earth System Models (ESMs) are complex computer simulations that help scientists understand how different parts of the Earth—like the atmosphere, oceans, land, and ice—interact with each other. They incorporate various factors, such as climate change, carbon cycles, and human activities, to predict future environmental conditions. By running these models, researchers can study potential impacts of changes like global warming, helping policymakers make informed decisions to protect the planet. Essentially, ESMs provide a comprehensive picture of Earth’s systems, illustrating their interconnectedness and the consequences of our actions on global scale.